Embabel: Rod Johnson Launches a JVM AI Agent Framework to Leapfrog Python Alternatives

Embabel: A New AI Agent Framework for the JVM

Embabel is an open source AI agent framework written in Kotlin, launched by the founder of the Spring Framework. It targets the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) environment, offering a fresh programming model for building AI-driven agentic workflows that combine large language model (LLM) interactions with existing code and domain models.

Unlike many AI frameworks built primarily for Python, Embabel focuses on integrating generative AI directly into Java applications, especially those built with Spring. The goal is to provide a natural and efficient way for JVM-based systems to incorporate AI capabilities without losing the benefits of strong typing and established domain logic.

Key Features of Embabel

• Planning Step: Embabel introduces a planning phase where the framework identifies possible actions and goals from the application code. It then selects the best course of action based on user input or system context. This planning is handled by a deterministic, non-LLM AI algorithm, which ensures explainability and reliability in decision-making.
• Rich Domain Model: The framework encourages developers to build detailed domain models using Kotlin data classes or Java records. This approach keeps prompts type-safe and easy to maintain, even through code refactoring. Domain objects can also include behaviors that serve as AI tools, accessible both in code and via LLM interactions.

Embabel supports the Model Context Protocol but recognizes the need for a higher-level orchestration layer. This is essential for features like explainability, managing multiple models, injecting guardrails during execution, composing complex flows, and safely integrating with systems like databases—where unrestricted LLM write access could be risky.

The framework is currently focused on Kotlin and Java, with plans to expand to TypeScript and Python versions. This could broaden its reach into other popular development ecosystems.

As many critical business applications run on the JVM, enabling AI capabilities here is a practical priority. Embabel aims to be more than just an option; it strives to offer the best platform for AI agents on the JVM, combining seamless integration with strong business logic support.

For developers interested in exploring AI integration within Java or Kotlin environments, Embabel offers a promising new path. To deepen your AI skills and explore practical applications like this, consider checking out Complete AI Training for courses tailored to various AI tools and development frameworks.